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Large-scale training data enhances silent speech decoding with around-ear EEG.

Masakazu Inoue¹, Eri Hatakeyama¹, Yuya Kita¹

¹Sanpo Sakuma Building 6 F 1-11 Kanda Sakuma-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0025, Japan.

Journal of Neural Engineering

|March 19, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Wearable around-ear electroencephalography (EEG) enables practical silent speech decoding (SSD) for communication. Large datasets and cross-subject transfer significantly improve accuracy for both healthy individuals and those with locked-in syndrome (LIS).

Keywords:

around-ear EEG assistive communication electroencephalogram electromyography online system silent speech decoding wearable neurotechnology

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Published on: October 22, 2015

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomedical Engineering
Assistive Technology

Background:

Silent speech decoding (SSD) offers communication for impaired vocalization.
Conventional systems (EEG, EMG) are cumbersome for daily use.
Wearable around-ear EEG presents a practical alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

Evaluate practicality of around-ear EEG for SSD.
Assess data scaling, cross-subject transfer, vocabulary extensibility, and online performance.
Investigate feasibility for individuals with locked-in syndrome (LIS).

Main Methods:

Collected 72 hours of around-ear EEG from 24 healthy participants and one LIS individual.
Integrated data with prior EMG + high-density EEG datasets (282.4 total hours).
Evaluated performance using a 64-word classification task, assessing dataset size, transferability, and vocabulary expansion.

Main Results:

Large-scale data improved SSD accuracy (56.6% healthy, 47.3% LIS).
Fine-tuning for new vocabulary increased accuracy by 22 percentage points.
Online experiments achieved 47.2%/76.0% (top-1/top-5) for healthy users and 26.5%/49.1% for LIS.

Conclusions:

Lightweight, around-ear EEG enables practical SSD with large healthy-participant datasets.
Models trained on existing vocabulary facilitate decoding of new words, reducing LIS data needs.
Advances non-invasive SSD systems for everyday communication.