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Related Experiment Video

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Driving Under the Influence: How Music Listening Affects Driving Behaviors
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Functional split brain in a driving/listening paradigm.

Shuntaro Sasai1, Melanie Boly1,2, Armand Mensen1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53719.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The brain can functionally split to handle two unrelated tasks simultaneously, like driving and listening to the radio. This "functional split brain" phenomenon impacts cognitive performance and information integration.

Keywords:
consciousnessdual taskfMRIinformation integrationsplit brain

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Humans frequently perform concurrent, unrelated tasks, such as driving while listening to the radio.
  • It remains unclear if the brain divides into separate functional networks during such multitasking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the brain exhibits functional segregation when performing two independent tasks.
  • To explore the relationship between functional connectivity, information integration, and task performance.

Main Methods:

  • Used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to monitor brain activity in experienced drivers.
  • Compared brain activity during a driving simulation with either integrated (GPS instructions) or split (radio show) auditory tasks.

Main Results:

  • The split task showed reduced functional connectivity between driving and listening brain networks compared to the integrated task.
  • Integrated information content was high during the integrated task and absent during the split task.
  • Individual differences in switching between information integration levels predicted driving performance.

Conclusions:

  • The brain may support independent functional streams, creating a "functional split brain" under specific multitasking conditions.
  • This functional segregation is linked to reduced information integration and impacts task performance.