Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Functional connectivity of orbitofrontal cortex predicts cocaine relapse: Protective and risk circuits, individual differences, and neuromodulation implications.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same author

Regional, functional and transcriptomic decoding of multidimensional brain structure alterations in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Sex differences in resting-state hypothalamic connectivity and its relationship with negative emotion and behavior measures in young adults.

Brain structure & function·2026
Same author

Toward trustworthy clinical AI for obsessive-compulsive disorder: reliability, generalizability, and interpretability of a transformer model across the ENIGMA-OCD consortium.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Early Clinical Symptom Patterns Predict the Subsequent Treatment Response of Patients with Acute Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia bulletin·2026
Same author

Disrupted Higher-Order Topology in OCD Brain Networks Revealed by Hodge Laplacian - an ENIGMA Study.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
10:43

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Published on: July 1, 2014

Deficits in default mode network activity preceding error in cocaine dependent individuals.

Sarah R Bednarski1, Sheng Zhang, Kwang-Ik Hong

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
|June 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with cocaine dependence show impaired default mode network (DMN) brain activity preceding errors, unlike healthy controls. This deficit in DMN function is linked to the duration of cocaine use.

More Related Videos

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
12:09

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Published on: August 5, 2014

A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder
07:51

A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder

Published on: June 18, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
10:43

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

Published on: July 1, 2014

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
12:09

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Published on: August 5, 2014

A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder
07:51

A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder

Published on: June 18, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Cocaine dependence is linked to cognitive deficits and altered brain activation.
  • The impact of cocaine dependence on the default mode network (DMN) remains understudied.
  • Previous research in healthy individuals shows DMN activation precedes errors in a stop-signal task.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if individuals with cocaine dependence exhibit impaired DMN activity preceding errors.
  • To compare DMN activity in cocaine-dependent individuals versus healthy controls during an error-prone task.
  • To explore the relationship between DMN activity and the duration of cocaine use.

Main Methods:

  • A stop-signal task (SST) with a tracking procedure was administered to cocaine-dependent (CD) individuals and healthy controls (HC).
  • Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signals were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping.
  • Activity preceding errors was compared to activity preceding successful task completion.

Main Results:

  • Healthy controls exhibited significant DMN activation (precuneus, posterior cingulate, vmPFC) preceding errors.
  • Cocaine-dependent individuals did not show these error-predicting DMN activations, despite similar task performance.
  • The degree of error-predicting ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) activation was inversely correlated with years of cocaine use.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest deficits in the default mode network in individuals with cocaine dependence.
  • These DMN impairments may contribute to understanding the cerebral effects of chronic cocaine use.
  • Further research into functional connectivity and gray matter volume is recommended to elucidate the role of the DMN in cocaine misuse pathology.