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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...
Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
Concepts of Health and Illness01:29

Concepts of Health and Illness

Health is a condition of the body, mind, and spirit where an individual remains free from illness. Similarly, wellness is an active state, including living a lifestyle that promotes physical, mental, and emotional health. Physical health is critical for the overall well-being and can be affected by lifestyle, activity level, diet, and behavior. The highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental and universal human right. Consider Lisa, a fifteen-year-old born with congenital...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II

The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Depletion of Specific Cell Populations by Complement Depletion
06:17

Depletion of Specific Cell Populations by Complement Depletion

Published on: February 5, 2010

Complement in health and disease.

Maria V Carroll1, Robert B Sim

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK. maria.carroll@pharm.ox.ac.uk

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|June 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement system, crucial for immunity and tissue repair, involves proteins that eliminate foreign invaders and clear damaged cells. Dysregulation of complement activation is linked to various diseases, highlighting its complex role in health and illness.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The complement system comprises ~35-40 plasma and cell surface proteins.
  • It mediates immune defense against pathogens and maintains homeostasis by clearing "self" components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the dual role of the complement system in immune defense and tissue homeostasis.
  • To explore the pathological consequences of complement system dysregulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of complement system functions and associated diseases.
  • Analysis of complement's involvement in both pathogen recognition and "self" component clearance.

Main Results:

  • Complement proteins facilitate opsonization and lysis of foreign particles and damaged cells.
  • Imbalances in complement activation (excess or deficiency) are implicated in numerous diseases.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system plays a vital role in host defense and tissue homeostasis.
  • Aberrant complement activity contributes to inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, AMD, MS, and autoimmune conditions such as SLE.