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Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice
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HIV: practical implications for the practicing allergist-immunologist.

Shayne C Stokes1, Michael S Tankersley

  • 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Wilford Hall Medical Center, 2200 Bergquist Drive, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, TX 78236, USA. shayne.stokes@us.af.mil

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
|June 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection alters immunity, increasing allergy risks. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) improves immune function but can cause new challenges in managing allergic diseases in HIV patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Allergy & Immunology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection leads to profound immunologic alterations, primarily cell-mediated immune deficiency.
  • This immune dysfunction increases susceptibility to opportunistic infections and can also heighten the risk of developing allergic and other immune-mediated diseases.
  • The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has transformed HIV management, leading to immune reconstitution but also introducing new clinical considerations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of HIV/AIDS on allergic diseases.
  • To discuss the unique clinical, pathophysiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic challenges in HIV-infected patients on HAART.
  • To highlight the evolving landscape of allergic disease management in the context of prolonged life expectancy for HIV patients.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE and OVID databases.
  • Keywords included HIV, AIDS, IgE, allergic rhinitis, adverse drug reaction, asthma, COPD, food allergy, and immunization.
  • Selection of relevant and current articles, with examination of reference lists for further pertinent studies.

Main Results:

  • HIV infection causes immune alterations predisposing patients to allergic diseases.
  • HAART promotes immune reconstitution, which can paradoxically lead to immunopathologic conditions.
  • HIV-infected patients exhibit increased prevalence of allergic rhinitis, adverse drug reactions, and noninfectious pulmonary complications.

Conclusions:

  • Increased life expectancy due to HAART means HIV patients are more likely to encounter chronic conditions like allergic diseases.
  • Understanding the complex interplay between HIV, HAART, and allergic conditions is crucial for effective patient management.
  • Anticipating and addressing allergic rhinitis, asthma, and drug reactions in HIV-infected individuals will become increasingly important.