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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Integration of Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction and LC-MS/MS Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Human Urine for Clinical Applications

Integration of Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction and LC-MS/MS Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Human Urine for Clinical Applications

Published on: July 14, 2017

Rapid mycotoxin analysis in human urine: a pilot study.

Josep Rubert¹, Jose Miguel Soriano, Jordi Mañes

¹Department de Medicina Preventiva i Salut Pública, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés, 46100 Burjassot, Spain. josep.rubert@uv.es

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

|June 29, 2011

Summary

A new method accurately quantifies multiple mycotoxins in urine, including deoxynivalenol (DON) and aflatoxins (AFs). This rapid analysis aids in understanding human exposure to these harmful substances.

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Cost-effective Method for Microbial Source Tracking Using Specific Human and Animal Viruses

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Published on: December 3, 2011

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Toxicology
Biochemistry

Background:

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi that contaminate food and feed.
Human exposure to mycotoxins can occur through diet and poses significant health risks.
There is a need for sensitive and reliable methods to monitor mycotoxin levels in human biological samples.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a simple, rapid, and effective method for the quantitative determination of multiple mycotoxins in human urine.
To establish a comprehensive analytical approach for detecting deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 toxin (T-2), HT-2 toxin (HT-2), zearalenone (ZEN), ochratoxin A (OTA), aflatoxins (AFs) B1, B2, G1, G2, and fumonisins FB1, FB2.

Main Methods:

Urine samples were diluted with phosphate buffer solution (PBS).
Immunoaffinity columns (MYCO 6in1 IAC) were used for clean-up and extraction.
Analysis was performed using a hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometer (QTrap) coupled with LC-MS/MS.
Information Dependent Acquisition (IDA) experiments were employed for confirmation of selected mycotoxins.

Main Results:

The method demonstrated acceptable average recoveries (83%–116%) and precision (RSD ≤ 14%).
Pilot study detected Ochratoxin A (OTA), Deoxynivalenol (DON), and Aflatoxin G2 (AFG2) in urine samples from 27 volunteers.
The analytical method proved effective for simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins.

Conclusions:

A robust and efficient LC-MS/MS method was successfully developed for the simultaneous quantitative determination of a wide range of mycotoxins in human urine.
The developed method provides a valuable tool for biomonitoring of mycotoxin exposure in human populations.
Further studies are needed to correlate mycotoxin intake with urinary levels and assess health implications.