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Homogeneous Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-based Assay for Detection of Insulin Secretion
07:30

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Published on: May 10, 2018

Antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia.

Warrick J Inder1, David Castle

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St Vincent's Hospital, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia. winder@medstv.unimelb.edu.au

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
|July 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antipsychotic medications can cause elevated prolactin (hyperprolactinaemia), leading to sexual dysfunction and bone loss in patients with schizophrenia. Switching to prolactin-sparing drugs or using sex steroid replacement are key management strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Neuroendocrinology

Background:

  • Antipsychotic medications are frequently associated with hyperprolactinaemia.
  • Elevated prolactin levels can contribute to pituitary adenomas.
  • This review focuses on antipsychotic effects on prolactin and sexual function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of antipsychotics on prolactin levels.
  • To examine the relationship between prolactin and sexual function.
  • To provide guidelines for managing antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review.
  • Analysis of existing studies on antipsychotics and prolactin.
  • Synthesis of clinical data for management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Up to 70% of schizophrenia patients experience hyperprolactinaemia with certain antipsychotics.
  • Hyperprolactinaemia correlates with hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, and bone loss (osteoporosis).
  • MRI is recommended to rule out pituitary lesions if drug withdrawal is not feasible.

Conclusions:

  • Management involves switching to prolactin-sparing antipsychotics.
  • Sex steroid replacement can mitigate hypogonadism and bone loss.
  • Further research is needed to compare dopamine agonists and sex steroid replacement therapy.