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Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults
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Published on: November 7, 2014

Aging effects on object transport during gait.

Gudrun Diermayr1, Tara L McIsaac, Terry R Kaminski

  • 1Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. gd2142@columbia.edu

Gait & Posture
|July 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults maintain anticipatory grip control while walking and carrying objects, even with irregular steps. However, complex tasks like obstacle crossing reveal age-related declines in grasp control due to increased task demands.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Object manipulation ability declines with age, with older adults often using excessive grip forces but maintaining anticipatory control in simple tasks.
  • Daily activities frequently involve complex manipulations combined with other actions, such as walking while carrying an object.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of aging on grasp control during object transport while walking.
  • To determine if anticipatory grip force control is preserved in older adults during complex, dynamic tasks with gait perturbations.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve healthy older adults (65-84 years) and twelve young adults (20-30 years) transported a hand-held object during unperturbed walking, obstacle crossing, and step-length changes.
  • Gait perturbations were introduced to vary task difficulty and step regularity.
  • Grip forces and gait parameters were measured to assess anticipatory control and force coupling.

Main Results:

  • Older adults exhibited higher grip-to-inertial force ratios but maintained comparable grip force coupling to younger adults during unperturbed walking and step-length changes.
  • During obstacle crossing, older adults showed less tight force coupling with delayed grip forces.
  • Gait patterns were similar between the young and older adult groups.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults preserve anticipatory grip control during regular and irregular walking tasks.
  • Declines in grasp control during complex tasks like obstacle crossing in older adults are linked to increased overall task demands, including balance and attention.
  • Understanding grasp control within complex, functional tasks is crucial for addressing manual dexterity impairments in aging populations.