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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
Alterations in Blood Pressure01:30

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart beats)...
Hypertension V: Nursing Management01:23

Hypertension V: Nursing Management

The nursing management of hypertension involves accurately assessing symptoms, making a comprehensive nursing diagnosis, collaborating with patients to set goals, and implementing targeted interventions to mitigate the condition's impact and improve patient well-being.Comprehensive AssessmentThe initial step in nursing care for hypertension involves a thorough patient assessment. It includes evaluating symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and previous hypertension episodes.
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...

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Updated: May 31, 2026

Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas
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Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas

Published on: January 26, 2024

Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and hypertension.

Lelia Duley1

  • 1University of Leeds, Academic Unit, Leeds, UK.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|July 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This systematic review evaluates interventions for pre-eclampsia, a pregnancy complication. It found evidence on various treatments including calcium, antihypertensives, and magnesium, to improve maternal and child outcomes.

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Disruption of the Mouse Blood-Brain Barrier by Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Human Placentas
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Published on: July 30, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Pre-eclampsia affects 2-8% of pregnancies, increasing maternal and infant morbidity/mortality.
  • Risk factors include multiple pregnancies and pre-existing microvascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effectiveness of interventions for preventing pre-eclampsia.
  • To assess treatments for pregnant women with mild to moderate hypertension.
  • To evaluate interventions for severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, including anticonvulsant choice.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 69 studies (reviews, RCTs, observational studies) up to February 2010.
  • Inclusion of data from major databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library).
  • Inclusion of safety alerts from regulatory agencies (FDA, MHRA).

Main Results:

  • A GRADE evaluation assessed the quality of evidence for various interventions.
  • The review synthesizes data on numerous interventions, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Information on the effectiveness and safety of multiple interventions is presented.
  • Interventions reviewed include anticonvulsants, antihypertensives, calcium, magnesium, and antiplatelet agents.
  • The review covers a wide range of management strategies from prevention to treatment of severe disease.