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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...

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Updated: May 31, 2026

A Novel Culture Model for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Propagation on Gelatin in Placenta-conditioned Media
07:33

A Novel Culture Model for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Propagation on Gelatin in Placenta-conditioned Media

Published on: August 3, 2015

Harnessing endogenous growth factor activity modulates stem cell behavior.

Gregory A Hudalla1, Nicholas A Kouris, Justin T Koepsel

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, 2130 Engineering Centers Building, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

Integrative Biology : Quantitative Biosciences From Nano to Macro
|July 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chemically defined surfaces capture heparin, enhancing human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation by amplifying growth factor signals. This controlled approach clarifies heparin

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Traditional cell culture methods struggle to isolate the effects of specific serum biomolecules on cell behavior due to non-specific adsorption.
  • Understanding the role of heparin in modulating growth factor signaling is crucial for stem cell applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of sequestered heparin on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) behavior using chemically defined substrates.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which heparin binding peptides (HEPpep) on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) affect hMSC proliferation and differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of bio-inert SAMs functionalized with a heparin-binding peptide (HEPpep) and an integrin-binding peptide (RGDSP).
  • Quantification of heparin binding to HEPpep SAMs using purified and serum-borne heparin.
  • Culture of hMSCs on functionalized SAMs to assess proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.

Main Results:

  • HEPpep SAMs demonstrated dose-dependent binding of both purified and serum-borne heparin.
  • Heparin-sequestering SAMs significantly enhanced hMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation by amplifying endogenous fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, respectively.
  • hMSC phenotype maintenance was observed in growth medium, while osteogenic differentiation was promoted in induction medium on these substrates.

Conclusions:

  • Chemically defined substrates enable specific sequestration of heparin, revealing its critical role in mediating hMSC responses to growth factors.
  • Substrate-bound heparin acts as a key regulator of hMSC proliferation and differentiation, mimicking effects of exogenous growth factors.
  • This approach overcomes limitations of traditional cell culture, offering precise control over cell behavior for regenerative medicine applications.