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Paclitaxel delivery from cobalt-chromium alloy surfaces using self-assembled monolayers
Gopinath Mani1, Nelson Torres, Sunho Oh
1Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107, USA. gopinath.mani@usd.edu
Biointerphases
|July 5, 2011
Summary
This study introduces a polymer-free drug delivery platform using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for paclitaxel (PAT) on cobalt-chromium stents. This approach offers controlled drug release, potentially reducing adverse reactions associated with traditional drug-eluting stents.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Surface Chemistry
Background:
- Polymer-based drug-eluting stents (DESs) are associated with adverse patient reactions.
- Development of polymer-free platforms is crucial for improving DES safety and efficacy.
- Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) offer a promising alternative for controlled drug delivery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the use of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as a polymer-free platform for delivering paclitaxel (PAT) from cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy stents.
- To investigate the effect of SAMs on the deposition and release kinetics of PAT.
- To evaluate the potential of SAM-coated stents for reducing adverse reactions in drug-eluting stent applications.
Main Methods:
- Carboxylic acid-terminated phosphonic acid SAMs were coated onto Co-Cr alloy surfaces.
- Paclitaxel (PAT) was deposited onto SAM-coated and bare Co-Cr surfaces at two doses (25 and 100 μg/cm²) using microdrop deposition.
- Characterization involved Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).
- In vitro drug release studies were conducted to compare release profiles.
Main Results:
- FTIR confirmed successful PAT deposition on both SAM-coated and control surfaces.
- SEM revealed high-density PAT crystals on SAM-coated surfaces versus low-density crystals on control surfaces.
- AFM demonstrated molecular distribution of PAT on both surface types.
- In vitro release studies showed biphasic release (initial burst followed by slow release up to 35 days) from SAM-coated surfaces, contrasting with rapid burst release (1-3 days) from control surfaces.
Conclusions:
- Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) effectively facilitate the controlled delivery of paclitaxel (PAT) from cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy surfaces.
- The SAM platform enables a sustained drug release profile, potentially mitigating issues associated with rapid drug elution from conventional DES.
- This polymer-free SAM approach holds significant promise for the development of safer and more effective drug-eluting stents.
