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Related Concept Videos

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
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Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
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Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
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Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids
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Published on: April 25, 2016

Hypercortisolism affects glomerular and tubular function in dogs.

P M Y Smets1, H P Lefebvre, H S Kooistra

  • 1Department of Small Animal Medicine and Clinical Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. pascale.smets@ugent.be

Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997)
|July 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dogs with Cushing's syndrome show altered kidney function, including changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary biomarkers. Both glomerular and tubular functions appear affected, warranting further investigation into the underlying causes.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cushing's syndrome is a common endocrine disorder in dogs.
  • Renal dysfunction can be a complication of hyperadrenocorticism.
  • Early detection of renal changes is crucial for managing canine health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate renal function in dogs with Cushing's syndrome.
  • To compare urinary biomarkers and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between affected dogs and healthy controls.
  • To identify specific alterations in glomerular and tubular function.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed routine renal parameters and GFR using plasma iohexol clearance (Cl(exo) and Cl(endo)).
  • Measured urinary biomarkers: albumin (uALB), immunoglobulin G (uIgG), retinol-binding protein (uRBP), and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activity (uNAG), indexed to creatinine (c).
  • Utilized ELISA and colorimetric methods for biomarker analysis.

Main Results:

  • Dogs with Cushing's syndrome had significantly higher UPC, uALB/c, uIgG/c, uRBP/c, uNAG/c, and Cl(endo) compared to controls.
  • Serum creatinine (sCr) was significantly lower in dogs with Cushing's syndrome.
  • Urea and plasma exo-iohexol clearance (Cl(exo)) did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Glomerular and tubular kidney functions are altered in dogs with Cushing's syndrome.
  • Specific urinary biomarkers indicate changes in both filtration and tubular reabsorption/secretion.
  • Longitudinal studies are needed to understand the pathogenesis of these GFR changes.