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Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies
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Ketamine effects on brain function--simultaneous fMRI/EEG during a visual oddball task.

Francesco Musso1, Jürgen Brinkmeyer, Daniel Ecker

  • 1Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Helmholtz Research Center, Jülich, Germany.

Neuroimage
|July 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that ketamine affects brain activity and behavior similarly to schizophrenia. Simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) validated this ketamine model for schizophrenia research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Schizophrenia Research

Background:

  • Ketamine models are used to study schizophrenia's glutamatergic system.
  • Discrepancies exist between neuroimaging and electrophysiological findings in schizophrenia models.
  • Reconciling these differences is crucial for understanding ketamine's effects and schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of ketamine on brain activity and behavior using simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG).
  • To validate a ketamine model for schizophrenia research by comparing findings across multiple modalities.
  • To reconcile discrepancies between different observational levels in ketamine's action.

Main Methods:

  • A within-subject, randomized, placebo-controlled pharmacoimaging study with 24 male volunteers.
  • Simultaneous fMRI and EEG recording during a visual oddball task with low-dose S-ketamine or placebo.
  • Assessment of psychopathology (PANSS, 5D-ASC), electrodermal activity (EDA), and heart rate.

Main Results:

  • Ketamine diminished P300 amplitude and BOLD responses in sensory/attentional cortical regions.
  • High accuracy (AUC 0.8-0.9) in separating ketamine and placebo conditions across modalities.
  • Ketamine-induced changes in behavior and physiology correlated with P300/fMRI measures.

Conclusions:

  • Findings are consistent across modalities and align with schizophrenia observations, supporting the model's validity.
  • This study presents the first prototypic example of pharmacoimaging using simultaneous fMRI/EEG.
  • The validated ketamine model offers a robust tool for schizophrenia research.