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Comparative study of hydroxyapatite and titanium dental implants in dogs
M Kohri1, E P Cooper, J L Ferracane
1Department of Removable Prosthetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Summary
Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants showed better bone adherence than titanium implants in dogs. However, both implant types demonstrated similar clinical performance and bone integration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Veterinary Orthopedics
Background:
- Dental implants aim for osseointegration and long-term stability.
- Surface modifications influence implant-bone interactions.
- Hydroxyapatite (HA) coating is explored for enhanced bone bonding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the clinical and histologic outcomes of HA-coated implants versus titanium implants in dogs.
- To evaluate implant performance under loaded and unloaded conditions.
Main Methods:
- Cylindrical HA-coated and threaded titanium implants were placed in five dogs.
- Implants were assessed clinically and histologically at 2 and 4 months post-loading.
- Histomorphometric analysis and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate bone-implant contact.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in clinical mobility, gingival inflammation, or sulcus depth were observed between implant types.
- HA-coated implants exhibited superior adherence to bone compared to titanium implants.
- Both implant types showed osteogenic ingrowth, with no significant difference in bone contact length.
- Scanning electron microscopy revealed fewer gaps at the HA-implant-bone interface.
Conclusions:
- HA-coated implants demonstrate enhanced bone adherence compared to titanium implants.
- Both implant surfaces achieve osseointegration and similar clinical performance in the short term.
- Further research is needed to determine long-term clinical benefits of HA coating.