A proteomic view of mycobacteria
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Updated: May 31, 2026

Separation and Fractionation of Cell Wall and Cell Membrane Proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis for Downstream Protein Analysis
Published on: September 26, 2025
Gustavo A de Souza1, Harald G Wiker
1The Gade Institute, Section for Microbiology and Immunology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Abstract:
Tuberculosis, the disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains a relevant public health issue. This is due mostly to the coepidemiology with HIV/AIDS, the appearance of multidrug-resistant strains globally, and failure of BCG (bacillus Calmette-Guerin) vaccination to confer complete protection. This bacterium was one of the first to have its genome sequenced, yet over a decade after the release of the genomic information, the characterization of its phylogenetic tree and of different strain variants inside this species revealed that much is still needed to be done for a full understanding of the M. tuberculosis genome and proteome. Current methods using LC-MS/MS and hybrid high-resolution mass spectrometers can identify 2400-2800 proteins of the 4000 predicted genes in M. tuberculosis. In this article, we review relevant details of this bacterium's pathology and immunology, describing articles where proteomics helped the community to tackle some of the organism biology, from understanding strain diversity, cellular structure composition, immunogenicity, and host-pathogen interactions. Finally, we will discuss the challenges yet to be fulfilled in order to better characterize M. tuberculosis by proteomics.
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