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The Placebo Effect01:54

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The placebo effect occurs when people's expectations or beliefs influence or determine their experience in a given situation. In other words, simply expecting something to happen can actually make it happen.
Blind Procedures02:07

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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which child was...
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Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

How to Study Placebo Responses in Motion Sickness with a Rotation Chair Paradigm in Healthy Participants
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Published on: December 14, 2014

The placebo effect in overactive bladder syndrome.

Altaf Mangera1, Christopher R Chapple, Zoe S Kopp

  • 1Department of Urology, The Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK. mangeraaltaf@hotmail.com

Nature Reviews. Urology
|July 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Patients with overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) experienced significant improvements in incontinence and urination frequency after receiving a placebo. This suggests a notable placebo effect in OAB treatment, possibly linked to the brain

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is characterized by urinary urgency.
  • First-line treatments include behavioral therapy and antimuscarinic agents.
  • Clinical trials suggest a positive placebo effect in OAB treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review placebo-controlled, randomized trials in OAB.
  • To assess the impact of placebo on patient-reported outcomes in OAB.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of placebo-controlled, randomized trials for OAB.
  • Analysis of patient-reported outcomes, including incontinence and micturition episodes.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant improvements observed in placebo groups for OAB.
  • Improvements noted in incontinence episodes per day.
  • Significant changes in micturition episodes per day and mean micturition volume from baseline.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial placebo effect exists in the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome.
  • Findings may indicate the brain's role in OAB pathophysiology or the influence of concurrent bladder training.
  • Further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms of the placebo effect in OAB.