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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
12:17

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots

Published on: May 21, 2017

Stentless aortic valve replacement: an update.

Junjiro Kobayashi1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan. kobayas@hsp.ncvc.go.jp

Vascular Health and Risk Management
|July 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stentless aortic valves offer potential hemodynamic benefits but show mixed results in durability and long-term outcomes compared to stented valves. Further research is needed for new stentless pericardial valves.

Keywords:
cardiopulmonary bypassfollow-up studiesheart diseasesurgeryvalves

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Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
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Published on: May 21, 2017

Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement from Autologous Pericardium with a Self-Expandable Nitinol Stent in an Adult Sheep Model
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Published on: June 8, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Stented bioprostheses can compromise hemodynamic performance and durability.
  • Stentless valves were reintroduced to optimize hemodynamics and prevent patient-prosthetic mismatch.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of stentless valves in the aortic position.
  • To evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy and durability of stentless aortic valves.

Main Methods:

  • Review of retrospective and prospective randomized controlled studies.
  • Analysis of cohort studies comparing stented and stentless aortic valve replacement (AVR).

Main Results:

  • Similar operative mortality and morbidity between stented and stentless AVR, with longer bypass times for stentless.
  • Conflicting evidence on improved survival and hemodynamic performance with stentless valves.
  • Common structural valve deterioration in stentless valves includes cusp tear; some stentless valves show lower reoperation-free survival than stented counterparts.

Conclusions:

  • No definitive level I or IIa evidence supports superior outcomes for stentless bioprostheses in all aspects.
  • Stentless valves are not universally recommended over stented valves.
  • Long-term follow-up (15+ years) is required for new-generation pericardial stentless valves to assess their durability against established stented valves.