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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Identifying Targets of Human microRNAs with the LightSwitch Luciferase Assay System using 3'UTR-reporter Constructs and a microRNA Mimic in Adherent Cells

Identifying Targets of Human microRNAs with the LightSwitch Luciferase Assay System using 3'UTR-reporter Constructs and a microRNA Mimic in Adherent Cells

Published on: September 28, 2011

Human microRNA target identification by RRSM.

Wan J Hsieh¹, Hsiuying Wang

¹Institute of Statistics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.

Journal of Theoretical Biology

|July 9, 2011

Summary

This study introduces a new method, RRSM, for predicting human microRNA (miRNA) targets. The approach identifies high-confidence targets, aiding experimental validation and advancing understanding of miRNA function.

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Bioinformatics

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression.
Identifying miRNA targets is vital for understanding biological processes, but experimental validation is challenging.
Current methods for miRNA target prediction include sequence and expression analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a robust computational method for predicting human microRNA targets.
To identify high-confidence miRNA targets for experimental verification.
To improve the efficiency of miRNA target discovery.

Main Methods:

Development of a generalized relative R² method (RRSM) for miRNA target prediction.
Utilizing sequence and expression data for target identification.

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Identifying Targets of Human microRNAs with the LightSwitch Luciferase Assay System using 3'UTR-reporter Constructs and a microRNA Mimic in Adherent Cells

Identifying Targets of Human microRNAs with the LightSwitch Luciferase Assay System using 3'UTR-reporter Constructs and a microRNA Mimic in Adherent Cells

Published on: September 28, 2011

Detection of miRNA Targets in High-throughput Using the 3'LIFE Assay

Detection of miRNA Targets in High-throughput Using the 3'LIFE Assay

Published on: May 25, 2015

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Validation against previously confirmed targets and HITS-CLIP data.

Main Results:

The RRSM method successfully predicted numerous high-confidence miRNA targets.
Identified targets include those previously confirmed by experimental studies.
The study's predictions align with targets identified using the HITS-CLIP method.

Conclusions:

The RRSM method is effective for predicting human miRNA targets.
This approach facilitates the discovery of reliable miRNA-mRNA interactions.
The findings contribute to a better understanding of miRNA-mediated gene regulation.