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Prevalence of intracranial artery calcification in hemodialysis patients--a case-control study

Yuko Iwasa1, Shigeru Otsubo, Kazuomi Nomoto

  • 1Towa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

International Urology and Nephrology
|July 9, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Hemodialysis patients show significantly higher rates of intracranial artery calcification compared to the general population. This finding highlights a critical health concern for individuals undergoing hemodialysis.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Nephrology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Intracranial artery calcification is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke.
  • A positive correlation exists between arterial calcification and ischemic changes.
  • Intracranial artery calcification is common in hemodialysis patients but its prevalence is underreported.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of intracranial artery calcification in hemodialysis outpatients.
  • To compare the prevalence of intracranial artery calcification in hemodialysis patients versus healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Brain CT examinations were conducted on 107 maintenance hemodialysis patients.
  • A control group of 43 healthy individuals who underwent brain CT was included for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Intracranial calcifications were found in 87.9% of hemodialysis patients versus 53.5% of controls (P = 0.0003).
  • Significantly higher calcification rates were observed in the vertebral artery (65.5% vs. 25.6%) and internal carotid artery (62.1% vs. 18.6%) in hemodialysis patients.
  • No significant differences in calcification were noted for the basilar, anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, or posterior cerebral arteries between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Hemodialysis patients exhibit a substantially higher prevalence of intracranial artery calcification than the general population.
  • Large intracranial arteries, specifically the vertebral and internal carotid arteries, are most frequently affected in hemodialysis patients.
Abstract

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