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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

How to Measure Cortical Folding from MR Images: a Step-by-Step Tutorial to Compute Local Gyrification Index
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Published on: January 2, 2012

Cortical thickness is linked to executive functioning in adulthood and aging.

Agnieszka Z Burzynska1, Irene E Nagel, Claudia Preuschhof

  • 1The Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195 Berlin, Germany. burzynska@mpib-berlin.mpg.de

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|July 9, 2011
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Summary

Brain aging affects executive functions. This study found that thicker cortex in specific brain regions is linked to better executive performance, especially in older adults, highlighting brain structure

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Aging
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Executive functions, crucial for cognitive control, rely on the frontal-parietal network.
  • Normal aging is associated with significant declines in executive functions.
  • Understanding the neuroanatomical basis of age-related executive decline is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify neuroanatomical correlates of age-related executive function impairment.
  • To investigate the relationship between cortical thickness and executive functioning across the adult lifespan.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 73 younger (20-32 years) and 56 older (60-71 years) healthy adults.
  • Executive functioning was assessed using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST).
  • Cortical thickness was measured using surface-based segmentation on MRI scans.

Main Results:

  • Thicker cortex in lateral prefrontal and parietal regions correlated with higher WCST accuracy.
  • This association between cortical thickness and executive function was stronger in older adults.
  • Older adults with high versus low executive performance showed differences in cortical thickness.

Conclusions:

  • Structural integrity of specific brain regions is associated with preserved executive function in aging.
  • Findings suggest structural correlates of executive function align with known functional patterns.
  • Emphasizes the heterogeneity of brain aging and its impact on cognitive abilities.