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Pathophysiology, classifications, and natural history of Perthes disease

Harry K W Kim1, John A Herring

  • 1Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Research Department, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA. harry.kim@tsrh.org

The Orthopedic Clinics of North America
|July 12, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) research offers insights into its pathophysiology via animal models. While femoral head deformity is initially well-tolerated, half of patients develop disabling arthritis by age 50.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Hip Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is an idiopathic hip disorder requiring further understanding.
  • Research has focused on LCPD pathophysiology, classification, and natural history.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on LCPD pathophysiology, classifications, and natural history.
  • To synthesize findings from experimental and clinical studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental studies using animal models of ischemic necrosis to understand LCPD pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of available clinical studies on the natural history of LCPD.

Main Results:

  • Pathophysiology insights gained from animal models of ischemic necrosis.
  • Femoral head deformity in LCPD is generally well-tolerated in the short to intermediate term.
  • Approximately 50% of LCPD patients develop disabling arthritis by the sixth decade of life.

Conclusions:

  • The exact cause of LCPD remains largely unknown.
  • Long-term outcomes of LCPD indicate a significant risk of developing disabling arthritis later in life.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate LCPD etiology and improve long-term patient management.

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