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Related Concept Videos

The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
Embryonic Connective Tissues01:20

Embryonic Connective Tissues

During early development, the embryo forms two types of connective tissues— the mesenchyme and mucoid connective tissue.
The mesenchyme is the first connective tissue that emerges in the developing embryo. It consists of loosely arranged multipotent mesenchymal cells and reticular fibers in the extracellular matrix. This loose arrangement allows easy migration of cells, which is essential for germ layer positioning, patterning, and organ morphogenesis during embryonic development. Mesenchyme is...
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...

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A High-throughput Cell Microarray Platform for Correlative Analysis of Cell Differentiation and Traction Forces
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Extracellular matrix fluctuations during early embryogenesis.

A Szabó1, P A Rupp, B J Rongish

  • 1Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA. Department of Biological Physics, Eotvos University, Budapest, Hungary.

Physical Biology
|July 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) in avian embryos moves uniformly, revealing coordinated tissue dynamics during development. This consistent movement pattern aids in understanding early embryonic morphogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in embryonic development.
  • Understanding ECM dynamics is key to deciphering tissue morphogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatio-temporal dynamics of ECM movements in early avian embryos.
  • To characterize the collective behavior of ECM components during development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized scanning wide field and confocal microscopy for high-resolution imaging.
  • Analyzed velocity fields of ECM displacement.
  • Quantified temporal fluctuations and spatial correlations of ECM movements.

Main Results:

  • Observed ECM moving as a composite material with correlated displacements across distances.
  • Demonstrated smooth spatial velocity fields but temporally fluctuating velocity vectors.
  • Identified an autocorrelation time of velocity fluctuations under one minute.
  • Revealed a persistent, shared movement pattern upon fluctuation suppression.

Conclusions:

  • ECM movements are coordinated and exhibit predictable patterns during early avian development.
  • High-resolution velocity field analysis provides insights into morphogenetic processes.
  • Tissue dynamics around Hensen's node are characterized by these ECM movements.