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Impact of HbAlc on acute cardiac states

Vinita Elizabeth Mani1, Mary John, Rajneesh Calton

  • 1Department of Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana-141008, Punjab.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|July 15, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic patients with heart disease admitted to the Intensive Coronary Care Unit (ICCU) experienced greater severity and short-term complications. Higher Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels correlated significantly with increased heart disease severity and complications in diabetics.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Glycemic control, measured by Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), plays a crucial role in diabetic complications.
  • The impact of HbA1c on acute cardiac events in Intensive Coronary Care Unit (ICCU) patients requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between HbA1c levels and the severity of heart disease.
  • To determine the impact of HbA1c on short-term complications in patients admitted to the ICCU.
  • To compare outcomes between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with acute cardiac conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 166 patients admitted to the ICCU with acute cardiac conditions.
  • Patients were categorized into two groups: diabetics (Group A) and non-diabetics (Group B).
  • Follow-up was conducted until patient discharge, monitoring for cardiac events and complications.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic patients (92) exhibited higher mean HbA1c (8.4±1.9%) compared to non-diabetics (74, 5.7±0.6%).
  • Risk factors like dyslipidemia, hypertension, and triple vessel disease were more prevalent in diabetics.
  • Complications such as heart failure and post-infarction angina were significantly higher in diabetic patients, particularly those with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%).

Conclusions:

  • Heart disease severity and short-term complications are significantly elevated in diabetic patients.
  • A strong correlation exists between higher HbA1c levels and increased heart disease severity and complications.
  • A substantial proportion of non-diabetics (97.2%) presenting with acute cardiac events had elevated HbA1c levels (≥ 5%).
Abstract

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