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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature03:34

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

An element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) can react with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal) to produce ions through complete electron transfer. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the oppositely charged ions.
Aldehydes and Ketones with Water: Hydrate Formation01:20

Aldehydes and Ketones with Water: Hydrate Formation

An oxygen-based nucleophile, like water, can undergo addition reactions with aldehydes and ketones. The reaction leads to the formation of hydrates, also referred to as 1,1-diols or geminal diols.
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Polyprotic Acids

Acids are classified by the number of protons per molecule that they can give up in a reaction. Acids such as HCl, HNO3, and HCN that contain one ionizable hydrogen atom in each molecule are called monoprotic acids. Their reactions with water are:
Strength and Heat of Hydration01:29

Strength and Heat of Hydration

The hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction in which heat is generated as cement hydrates. This heat of hydration is critical to cement's strength development. The rate at which this heat is generated affects the temperature rise, with a majority of the heat being released early in the hydration process, half within the first three days, and about 75% within the first week.
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Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
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Dehydration Synthesis

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Dehydration synthesis (also called a condensation reaction) is the chemical process in which two molecules covalently link together to form a new molecule, along with the release of a water molecule. Many physiologically important compounds form by dehydration synthesis reactions, such as complex carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
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Updated: May 31, 2026

Optimized Procedure for Determining the Adsorption of Phosphonates onto Granular Ferric Hydroxide using a Miniaturized Phosphorus Determination Method
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Hopeahainol C monohydrate.

Hoong-Kun Fun, Kanokorn Sudto, Hui-Ming Ge

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |July 15, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Hopeahainol C, an oligostillbenoid from Shorea roxburghii, exhibits a twisted structure with planar fused rings. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions influence its crystal packing and molecular arrangement.

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    Area of Science:

    • Natural Product Chemistry
    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry

    Background:

    • Hopeahainol C is an oligostillbenoid isolated from Shorea roxburghii bark.
    • Oligostillbenoids are a class of natural products with potential biological activities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of hopeahainol C monohydrate.
    • To analyze the intermolecular interactions and packing in the crystal.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was performed.
    • The crystal structure was solved and refined to determine atomic positions and bonding.

    Main Results:

    • The hopeahainol C molecule lies about an inversion center, with a water molecule on a crystallographic twofold axis.
    • The fused ring system is planar, while the 4-hydroxyphenyl ring is twisted at a dihedral angle of 41.70°.
    • Intermolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link molecules into chains, and π-π interactions are observed.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure reveals specific molecular arrangements driven by hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions.
    • This structural information is crucial for understanding the compound's properties and potential applications.