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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood glucose levels...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...

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Updated: May 31, 2026

Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms
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Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms

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Metformin-induced cholangiohepatitis.

Raja Shekhar Reddy Sappati Biyyani1, Smitha Battula, Christopher A Erhardt

  • 1Case Western Reserve University @ MetroHealth Medical Center, Hospital Medicine, 2500 MetroHealth Dr, Cleveland, Ohio, 44138, USA.

BMJ Case Reports
|July 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metformin, a common diabetes drug, can rarely cause acute cholangiohepatitis, a liver condition. This case highlights the importance of considering drug-induced liver injury in patients with unexplained hepatitis symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a significant cause of non-viral chronic hepatitis.
  • Metformin, a widely used biguanide oral anti-diabetic agent, is generally considered safe.
  • Infrequent reports link metformin to cholangiohepatitis, characterized by liver enzyme elevation and cholestasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of acute cholangiohepatitis.
  • To highlight metformin as a potential causative agent.
  • To increase awareness of metformin-induced liver injury.

Main Methods:

  • Case report presentation.
  • Review of clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and liver enzyme levels.
  • Analysis of temporal association between metformin initiation and symptom onset.

Main Results:

  • The patient developed acute cholangiohepatitis shortly after starting metformin.
  • Significant elevations in serum liver transaminases and signs of intrahepatic cholestasis were observed.
  • Exclusion of other common causes of hepatitis.

Conclusions:

  • Metformin can induce acute cholangiohepatitis, albeit rarely.
  • Clinicians should consider metformin-induced liver injury in patients presenting with hepatitis.
  • Further investigation into the mechanisms of metformin hepatotoxicity is warranted.