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Related Concept Videos

Diversity of Protists II01:27

Diversity of Protists II

Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
Symbiosis00:58

Symbiosis

Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those species. When a relationship is beneficial to both species, this is called mutualism. When the relationship is beneficial to one species but neither beneficial nor harmful to the other species, this is called commensalism. When one organism is harmed to benefit another, the relationship is known as parasitism. These types of relationships often...
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Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
Trichomoniasis01:18

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Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the United States. This extracellular parasite primarily colonizes the lower genitourinary tract in women—particularly the vagina—and in men, the urethra and prostate. Its structural and functional adaptations enable its survival, motility, and pathogenicity within the host environment.Structural Features and Host EntryT.
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Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Concomitant Isolation of Primary Astrocytes and Microglia for Protozoa Parasite Infection
09:34

Concomitant Isolation of Primary Astrocytes and Microglia for Protozoa Parasite Infection

Published on: March 18, 2020

Synchronization of pathogenic protozoans.

Staffan Svärd1, Karin Troell

  • 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-5421, Sweden. staffan.svard@icm.uu.se

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|July 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Researchers have developed a method to synchronize the cell cycle of Giardia intestinalis, an early-diverging protozoan. This breakthrough enables detailed studies into the evolution of fundamental eukaryotic cellular processes.

Area of Science:

  • Eukaryotic cell biology
  • Parasitology
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Protozoans are single-cell eukaryotes, with parasitic species like Plasmodium falciparum and Trypanosoma brucei impacting human health.
  • Giardia intestinalis, an early-diverging protozoan, causes significant global diarrheal disease.
  • Protozoans serve as valuable models for studying the evolution of conserved eukaryotic cellular processes, such as the cell cycle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a detailed protocol for synchronizing the cell cycle of Giardia intestinalis.
  • To facilitate research into the cell cycle regulation and evolution in early-diverging eukaryotes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing specific compounds to inhibit distinct stages of the cell cycle.
  • Implementing a detailed laboratory protocol for cell cycle synchronization.

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

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09:34

Concomitant Isolation of Primary Astrocytes and Microglia for Protozoa Parasite Infection

Published on: March 18, 2020

Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria
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Tractable Mammalian Cell Infections with Protozoan-primed Bacteria

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Studying Cryptosporidium Infection in 3D Tissue-derived Human Organoid Culture Systems by Microinjection

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Main Results:

  • Successful synchronization of Giardia intestinalis cell cycles was achieved.
  • The protocol provides a reproducible method for cell cycle studies in this organism.

Conclusions:

  • The developed protocol enables the study of cell cycle dynamics in Giardia intestinalis.
  • This advancement aids in understanding the evolution of eukaryotic cell cycle processes using a basal protozoan model.