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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Microdissection of Black Widow Spider Silk-producing Glands
09:47

Microdissection of Black Widow Spider Silk-producing Glands

Published on: January 11, 2011

Spider bite.

Geoffrey K Isbister1, Hui Wen Fan2

  • 1Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Department of Clinical Toxicology and Pharmacology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.

Lancet (London, England)
|July 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spider bites can cause serious medical issues like latrodectism and loxoscelism, but most necrotic ulcers are not from spiders. Antivenoms show limited success for these spider envenomations.

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

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Published on: April 21, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Arachnology

Background:

  • Spider bites are often feared, with many myths surrounding their medical effects.
  • Most suspected cases of necrotic arachnidism are misattributed and not caused by spider bites.
  • Latrodectism and loxoscelism are the primary clinical syndromes associated with spider envenomation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the significant clinical syndromes caused by spider bites, focusing on latrodectism and loxoscelism.
  • To discuss the clinical manifestations and important spider species involved in envenomation.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of antivenoms in treating spider envenomations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical syndromes resulting from spider bites.
  • Description of symptoms associated with latrodectism (widow spiders) and loxoscelism (Loxosceles spp.).
  • Discussion of envenomation by Australian funnel-web spiders (Atrax spp., Hadronyche spp.) and Brazilian armed spiders (Phoneutria spp.).
  • Assessment of antivenom efficacy compared to snake envenomation treatments.

Main Results:

  • Latrodectism involves pain and non-specific symptoms from widow spider bites.
  • Loxoscelism presents with cutaneous necrosis or systemic effects like haemolysis and renal failure.
  • Antivenoms for spider envenomations are less successful than for snakebites, with concerns about efficacy for latrodectism and loxoscelism.

Conclusions:

  • Spider bites can lead to significant medical conditions, distinct from common necrotic skin lesions.
  • Effective antivenom treatment remains a challenge for major spider envenomations.
  • Further research into antivenom development and efficacy is warranted.