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CNTRICS final biomarker selection: Control of attention.

Steven J Luck1, Judith M Ford, Martin Sarter

  • 1Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA 95618, USA. sjluck@ucdavis.edu

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Schizophrenia impairs top-down attention control. New neuroimaging paradigms show promise for identifying biomarkers to develop and assess treatments for attentional deficits in schizophrenia patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Attention is recognized as dysfunctional in schizophrenia, specifically top-down attentional control processes.
  • The Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (CNTRICS) group previously identified these attentional deficits as a key research area.

Framework:

  • Top-down attention involves linking prefrontal cortex goal representations with posterior regions for information selection.
  • This process is crucial for determining relevant input sources and guiding attention.

Implementation:

  • Two promising neuroimaging paradigms were assessed: measuring neural activity between cue and target, and under varying distraction levels.
  • These methods utilize electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to capture neural dynamics.

Implications:

  • These paradigms can identify goal representations and their interaction with selection mechanisms, aiding biomarker discovery.
  • Further research is needed, but these approaches hold significant potential for developing and evaluating novel schizophrenia treatments.