Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Types of Toxins01:36

Types of Toxins

Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions01:24

Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions

Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...
Toxoplasmosis01:28

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
Mutations01:39

Mutations

Overview

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The effects of menopausal hormone therapy on cardiovascular disease, cancer, cognition and depression in younger women: A systematic review.

JRSM open·2026
Same author

Response to Mr. DiNardo's "Letter to the Editor: Comprehensive review of octocrylene toxicology data and human exposure assessment for personal care products".

Critical reviews in toxicology·2026
Same author

Fetal Cleft Lip and Palate.

Obstetrics and gynecology·2026
Same author

Comprehensive review of octocrylene toxicology data and human exposure assessment for personal care products.

Critical reviews in toxicology·2026
Same author

Comprehensive review of ensulizole toxicology data and human exposure assessment for personal care products.

Critical reviews in toxicology·2025
Same author

Comprehensive review of avobenzone (butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane) toxicology data and human exposure assessment for personal care products.

Critical reviews in toxicology·2025
Same journal

Posthumously Diagnosed Myhre Syndrome Presenting With Pleural Remodeling and Endometrial Cancer.

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics·2026
Same journal

The International Consortium for Arthrogryposis: A Collaborative Framework for Early Detection, Care, Research, and Education.

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics·2026
Same journal

Apical Ectodermal Ridge Disruption and Hypoplastic Digits in Amyoplasia.

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics·2026
Same journal

Caring for Pediatric Clients With Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita: The Development of an Occupational Therapy Continuing Education Course.

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics·2026
Same journal

The EXPLAIN Study: Exploring Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita in Adults in Norway - A Description of Demographic, Medical, and Neurological Findings.

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics·2026
Same journal

Review of the Molecular and Developmental Basis of Myhre Syndrome, Bench Research.

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Assessing Teratogenic Changes in a Zebrafish Model of Fetal Alcohol Exposure
10:07

Assessing Teratogenic Changes in a Zebrafish Model of Fetal Alcohol Exposure

Published on: March 20, 2012

Teratogenic exposures.

Sarah Običan1, Anthony R Scialli

  • 1Obstetrics and Gynecology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences. reprotox@reprotox.org

American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in Medical Genetics
|July 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evaluating teratogenic exposures requires considering the agent, level, and timing. This review examines confirmed and potential causal links between exposures and structural malformations in pregnancy.

More Related Videos

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants
07:08

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants

Published on: March 6, 2018

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation
17:28

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation

Published on: June 17, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Assessing Teratogenic Changes in a Zebrafish Model of Fetal Alcohol Exposure
10:07

Assessing Teratogenic Changes in a Zebrafish Model of Fetal Alcohol Exposure

Published on: March 20, 2012

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants
07:08

Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants

Published on: March 6, 2018

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation
17:28

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation

Published on: June 17, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Teratology
  • Developmental Toxicology
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Teratogenic exposures encompass agents like chemicals, radiation, and biological factors.
  • Evaluating these exposures involves assessing the agent, dose, and developmental stage.
  • Establishing a causal link between exposure and abnormal outcomes requires specific criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review established teratogenic exposures and their confirmation process.
  • To discuss exposures with accepted links to structural malformations.
  • To identify exposures where a causal association requires further confirmation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of teratogenic exposures.
  • Analysis of criteria for evaluating causal connections.
  • Discussion of case studies on teratogenic agents.

Main Results:

  • Several teratogenic exposures have confirmed links to structural malformations.
  • The description and confirmation processes for teratogens vary.
  • Some potential teratogenic exposures lack confirmed causal associations.

Conclusions:

  • Counselors need reliable, updated information on pregnancy exposures.
  • Understanding exposure timing and dose is crucial for risk assessment.
  • Continued research is needed to confirm associations for suspected teratogens.