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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

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Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...

Asthma I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
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Auricular Acupressure as an Adjuvant Treatment for Wheezing in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Weight gain in infancy and post-bronchiolitis wheezing.

Kirsi Nuolivirta¹, Petri Koponen, Merja Helminen

¹Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Finland.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)

|July 20, 2011

Summary

High birth weight and infant overweight are linked to wheezing after bronchiolitis. This study examined birth weight, infant weight gain, and weight-for-length (WFL) as risk factors for post-bronchiolitis wheezing.

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Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

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Published on: August 7, 2017

Area of Science:

Pediatrics
Respiratory Medicine
Epidemiology

Background:

Birth weight and infant weight changes are potential risk factors for childhood asthma.
Associations between birth weight, infant weight gain, and early childhood wheezing, particularly post-bronchiolitis, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess birth weight, infant weight gain, and infant overweight (using weight-for-length, WFL) as risk factors for wheezing after hospitalization for bronchiolitis.

Main Methods:

A cohort of 127 infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis before 6 months of age was followed until 1.5 years.
Infant weights and lengths were measured on admission and at follow-up; birth weights were obtained from records.

Main Results:

High birth weight (>4000 g) was associated with both the occurrence and recurrence of post-bronchiolitis wheezing.
Infant overweight (WFL >110%) at 1.5 years correlated with recurrent wheezing.
Increased weight gain from birth to hospitalization (<6 months) was linked to wheezing in infants with high birth weight.

Conclusions:

High birth weight and developing overweight in infancy may be associated with post-bronchiolitis wheezing.
These findings highlight the potential role of early-life growth patterns in respiratory health outcomes.