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Related Concept Videos

The Mammary Glands01:12

The Mammary Glands

The female breast is a hemispheric projection of variable size positioned anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. A fascia layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue connects it to these muscles.
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...
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The vulva encompasses the external structures of the female reproductive system. At the forefront is the monpubis, a cushion of fatty tissue atop the pubic bone. Once puberty sets in, this area typically grows hair. Extending from just behind the mons pubis are the labia majora (labia = 'lips'; majora = 'larger'), which are larger skin fs olds coated with hair. Nestled within are the labia minora (labia = 'lips'; minora = 'smaller'), which are thinner, more pigmented, and hairless. While the...
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Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
Appendicitis01:19

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Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
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Vagina

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Updated: May 30, 2026

Initiation of Metastatic Breast Carcinoma by Targeting of the Ductal Epithelium with Adenovirus-Cre: A Novel Transgenic Mouse Model of Breast Cancer
07:13

Initiation of Metastatic Breast Carcinoma by Targeting of the Ductal Epithelium with Adenovirus-Cre: A Novel Transgenic Mouse Model of Breast Cancer

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Multiple vulvar lactating adenomas.

Eung-Seok Lee1, Insun Kim

  • 1From the Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea; and the Department of Pathology, Anam Hospital, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|July 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vulvar lactating adenomas, a rare form of ectopic breast tissue, can occur during pregnancy. Early identification and excision are crucial to prevent misdiagnosis of malignancy.

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Pathology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Ectopic breast tissue, defined as glandular tissue outside the breast, requires excision due to potential benign or malignant changes.
  • While lactation changes in ectopic tissue are known, lactating adenomas of the vulva are exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • A case study involving a young woman presenting with multiple vulvar masses during pregnancy.
  • Surgical excision of the vulvar masses was performed.

Findings:

  • Histological examination confirmed the masses as multiple vulvar lactating adenomas.
  • Vulvar lactating adenomas can be mistaken for adenocarcinoma in frozen section diagnoses and aspiration cytology.

Implications:

  • Consider ectopic mammary tissue of the vulva in patients with vulvar masses, especially during pregnancy.
  • Anticipating the possibility of ectopic breast tissue aids in accurate diagnosis and prevents misdiagnosis of malignancy.