Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 30, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
Published on: March 30, 2017
Effects of interactions on the critical temperature of a trapped Bose gas
Robert P Smith1, Robert L D Campbell, Naaman Tammuz
1Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
We perform high-precision measurements of the condensation temperature of a harmonically trapped atomic Bose gas with widely tunable interactions. For weak interactions we observe a negative shift of the critical temperature in excellent agreement with mean-field theory. However for sufficiently strong interactions we clearly observe an additional positive shift, characteristic of beyond-mean-field critical correlations. We also discuss nonequilibrium effects on the apparent critical temperature for both very weak and very strong interactions.
Related Concept Videos
Joule-Thomson Effect
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature from...
Entropy Changes Accompanying Specific Processes
Real Gases: Effects of Intermolecular Forces and Molecular Volume Deriving Van der Waals Equation
The Joule and Joule–Thomson Experiments
The Response of Equilibria to the Conditions

