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Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
Plane Electromagnetic Waves II01:29

Plane Electromagnetic Waves II

Consider a plane wavefront traveling in position x-direction with a constant speed. This wavefront can be utilized to obtain the relationship between electric and magnetic fields with the help of Faraday's law.
Gauss's Law: Problem-Solving01:10

Gauss's Law: Problem-Solving

Gauss's law helps determine electric fields even though the law is not directly about electric fields but electric flux. In situations with certain symmetries (spherical, cylindrical, or planar) in the charge distribution, the electric field can be deduced based on the knowledge of the electric flux. In these systems, we can find a Gaussian surface S over which the electric field has a constant magnitude. Furthermore, suppose the electric field is parallel (or antiparallel) to the area vector...
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
Motion Of A Charged Particle In A Magnetic Field01:22

Motion Of A Charged Particle In A Magnetic Field

A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. Consider the field to be uniform and the charged particle to move perpendicular to it. If the field is in a vacuum, the magnetic field is the dominant factor determining the motion. Since the magnetic force is perpendicular to the direction of motion, a charged particle follows a curved path. The particle continues to follow this curved path until it forms a complete circle. Another way to look at this is that the...
Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...

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Updated: May 30, 2026

Expedited Radiation Biodosimetry by Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identification (ADCI) and Dose Estimation
10:33

Expedited Radiation Biodosimetry by Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identification (ADCI) and Dose Estimation

Published on: September 4, 2017

Fast dose calculation in magnetic fields with GPUMCD.

S Hissoiny1, A J E Raaijmakers, B Ozell

  • 1École Polytechnique de Montréal, Département de génie informatique et génie logiciel, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada. sami.hissoiny@polymtl.ca

Physics in Medicine and Biology
|July 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new GPU-based Monte Carlo platform, GPUMCD, accurately calculates radiation dose distributions in MRI-Linac treatments, even with magnetic fields. This fast and precise tool enables rapid online replanning for improved patient care.

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Expedited Radiation Biodosimetry by Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identification (ADCI) and Dose Estimation
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Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection Scanner for Imaging Magnetic Particles in Planar Samples
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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Computational Imaging

Background:

  • MRI-Linac combines magnetic resonance imaging with linear accelerators for simultaneous imaging and treatment.
  • Magnetic fields in MRI-Linac impact radiation dose deposition via the Lorentz force, necessitating specialized dose calculation methods.
  • Current analytical methods are insufficient for magnetic field dose calculations, and traditional Monte Carlo methods are too slow for online replanning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To benchmark GPUMCD, a GPU-accelerated Monte Carlo platform, with a new feature for dose calculations in magnetic fields.
  • To validate the accuracy of GPUMCD's magnetic field dose calculations against experimental measurements.
  • To assess the speed of GPUMCD for potential online replanning in MRI-Linac therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Benchmarking GPUMCD, a GPU-based Monte Carlo dose calculation platform, with enhanced capabilities for magnetic field dose calculations.
  • Validation using experimental measurements in phantoms designed to exhibit significant magnetic field-induced dose effects (e.g., depth-dose with air cavity, lateral-dose with air).
  • Performance evaluation through execution time measurements for single-beam and multi-beam plans in a prostate phantom.

Main Results:

  • GPUMCD accurately reproduced experimental dose distributions, achieving a 2%-2 mm gamma passing rate in complex scenarios with magnetic field effects.
  • Execution times were under 15 seconds for a single beam and under 20 seconds for a seven-beam plan in a prostate phantom, meeting the 2% statistical uncertainty requirement.
  • The platform demonstrated its capability to handle dose calculations influenced by magnetic fields, a critical aspect for MRI-Linac applications.

Conclusions:

  • GPUMCD is a fast and accurate dose calculation engine suitable for the hybrid MRI-Linac modality.
  • The validated magnetic field calculation feature enables precise dose planning and potentially rapid online replanning.
  • This advancement supports the clinical implementation of MRI-Linac technology by addressing critical dose calculation challenges.