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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

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The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
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Multihost tuberculosis: insights from the portuguese control program.

Mónica V Cunha1, Madalena Monteiro, Paulo Carvalho

  • 1INRB, I.P./LNIV-Instituto Nacional dos Recursos Biológicos/Laboratório Nacional de Investigação Veterinária, Unidade de Sanidade Animal, Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Estrada de Benfica 701, 1549-011 Lisboa, Portugal.

Veterinary Medicine International
|July 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Animal tuberculosis control in Portugal made progress but saw increased prevalence in 2009. Wildlife tuberculosis poses a challenge to eradication efforts, necessitating updated control strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Wildlife Disease Ecology

Background:

  • Animal tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant zoonotic disease globally.
  • Portugal implemented a comprehensive control program for bovine TB between 2001 and 2009.
  • Disease surveillance and eradication efforts face ongoing challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress and challenges of animal TB control in Portugal from 2001-2009.
  • To analyze the factors contributing to the unexpected increase in TB prevalence in 2009.
  • To assess the impact of wildlife TB on eradication strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of national TB control program data (2001-2009).
  • Analysis of surveillance data from slaughterhouses and veterinary inspections.
  • Assessment of herd and animal prevalence trends.
  • Evaluation of wildlife TB surveillance findings.

Main Results:

  • Significant advancements were made in TB testing, culling, and surveillance.
  • Despite progress, both herd and animal prevalence of TB unexpectedly rose in 2009.
  • Emerging evidence of TB in free-ranging wildlife populations was documented.

Conclusions:

  • Current TB control policies require re-evaluation in light of rising prevalence.
  • Wildlife reservoirs present a significant obstacle to achieving TB eradication.
  • New, adaptive strategies are essential for future disease control in Portugal.