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Viral oncogenesis: Epstein-Barr virus.

M J Gaffey1, L M Weiss

  • 1Division of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010.

American Journal of Otolaryngology
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is linked to various cancers, including Burkitt

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a common herpesvirus, is associated with several human neoplasms.
  • EBV is prevalent in endemic Burkitt's lymphoma (>90%) but less so in nonendemic regions (15%).
  • The virus is implicated in lymphomas within immunocompromised individuals, including those with AIDS, post-transplant, and congenital immunodeficiencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with different types of human cancers.
  • To document the prevalence of EBV in various neoplastic conditions, particularly lymphomas and carcinomas.
  • To highlight EBV's role in cancers affecting both immunocompetent and immunocompromised populations.

Main Methods:

  • Detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes within tumor cells.
  • Analysis of EBV presence in patient cohorts with various malignancies.
  • Comparative analysis of EBV prevalence across different geographical regions and immune statuses.

Main Results:

  • EBV genomes are found in over 90% of endemic Burkitt's lymphoma cases.
  • EBV is detected in approximately 25% of Hodgkin's disease cases, specifically within Reed-Sternberg cells.
  • Over 90% of undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases harbor EBV genomes; it's also found in other Asian carcinomas.

Conclusions:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a significant etiological factor in specific human malignancies.
  • The prevalence of EBV in cancers varies by tumor type, geographical location, and host immune status.
  • Further research into EBV's oncogenic mechanisms is warranted for targeted therapeutic strategies.

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