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Surfactants, named for their behavior at interfaces, positively adsorb at the interfaces of two phases, reducing interfacial tension. Their versatility as emulsifiers, detergents, and foaming agents stems from this ability. Surfactants, often termed amphiphiles, share the property of amphipathy, with molecules having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions. The hydrophilic part is called the head, and the hydrophobic part, including an elongated alkyl substituent, forms the tail.Surfactants...

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Updated: May 30, 2026

A New Straightforward Method for Lipophilicity (logP) Measurement using 19F NMR Spectroscopy

A New Straightforward Method for Lipophilicity (logP) Measurement using ¹⁹F NMR Spectroscopy

Published on: January 30, 2019

Low fluorine content CO2-philic surfactants.

Azmi Mohamed¹, Masanobu Sagisaka, Frederic Guittard

¹School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids

|July 26, 2011

Summary

Determining the minimum fluorine content for CO(2)-philic surfactants is crucial for CO(2) technology. This study reveals that higher fluorine content enhances surfactant performance in carbon dioxide (CO(2)) systems.

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Extraction and Characterization of Surfactants from Atmospheric Aerosols

Extraction and Characterization of Surfactants from Atmospheric Aerosols

Published on: April 21, 2017

Area of Science:

Chemical Engineering
Materials Science
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Understanding the behavior of surfactants in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO(2)) is vital for developing novel CO(2)-based fluid technologies.
Previous research suggested an ideal fluorination level for CO(2)-philic surfactants, but the minimum required fluorine content remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically investigate the relationship between fluorine content and the CO(2)-philicity of surfactants.
To identify optimal chemical structures for stabilizing water-in-CO(2) (w/c) microemulsions.
To determine the minimum fluorine content necessary for effective CO(2) surfactant performance.

Main Methods:

Synthesis and characterization of dichain sulfosuccinate surfactants with varying fluorine content.
High-pressure small-angle neutron scattering (HP-SANS) to study reversed micelle formation in CO(2).
Measurement of cloud point pressures (P(trans)) as an indicator of CO(2) compatibility.

Main Results:

A clear correlation was established between surfactant fluorine content and its compatibility with CO(2).
Surfactants with higher fluorine content exhibited better performance in CO(2), demonstrated by lower cloud point pressures.
Lower limiting aqueous surface tensions (γ(cmc)) correlated with enhanced CO(2) performance.

Conclusions:

The study provides critical insights into the rational design of CO(2)-philic surfactants.
It highlights that higher fluorine content, contrary to seeking a minimal level, improves surfactant performance in CO(2).
These findings are essential for the economic and efficient development of CO(2) fluid technologies.