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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...
Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...

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Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice
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Motor alterations induced by chronic lead exposure.

Mohammad Taghi Mansouri1, Omar Cauli

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Physiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Ahwaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahwaz, Iran; Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Avda Autopista del Saler, 16, 46013, Valencia, Spain.

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
|July 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Environmental lead exposure causes neurotoxic effects, leading to motor system dysfunction in adults and children. This review examines lead

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental toxicology
  • Neuroscience
  • Public health

Background:

  • Lead (Pb) is an environmental neurotoxicant affecting cellular biochemical events.
  • Pb exposure causes widespread organ alterations, with motor system dysfunction being a significant public health concern in both children and adults.
  • Chronic Pb exposure is linked to long-term neurological effects impacting motor functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review sources of occupational and residential lead exposure.
  • To summarize motor deficits induced by chronic lead exposure, referencing recent literature.
  • To correlate neurological deficits from lead exposure in animal models with human findings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on chronic lead exposure and motor system dysfunction.
  • Analysis of studies investigating lead's long-lasting neurological effects on motor functions.
  • Comparison of lead-induced neurological deficits in animal models and human populations.

Main Results:

  • Lead exposure is associated with a spectrum of alterations in various organs and systems.
  • Motor system dysfunction is a common consequence of lead exposure in both pediatric and adult populations.
  • Evidence suggests lead exposure contributes to chronic central nervous system (CNS) diseases like Parkinson's and impaired motor coordination in children.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental and occupational lead exposure poses a significant risk for developing motor system deficits.
  • Lead's neurotoxic effects can lead to long-term, progressive declines in central nervous system function.
  • Further research correlating animal model findings with human health outcomes is crucial for understanding and mitigating lead's impact on motor function.