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Tension pneumatocoele in a child with an empyema

Christopher Thomas Edwards1, Noreen West

  • 1Sheffield Children's Hospital, PCCU, Western Bank, Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK.

BMJ Case Reports
|July 26, 2011
PubMed

Insights

A pediatric case of pneumonia complicated by tension pneumatocele fully recovered with conservative management. Streptococcus pneumoniae type 7F, not covered by current vaccines, was identified.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Pneumonia is a common pediatric illness.
  • Tension pneumatocele is a rare but serious complication.
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a significant pathogen in young children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of pediatric tension pneumatocele secondary to pneumonia.
  • To highlight the management and outcome of this rare condition.
  • To identify the causative pathogen and its vaccine coverage.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 13-month-old child.
  • Clinical presentation of pneumonia.
  • Development of tension pneumatocele.
  • Conservative management approach.
  • Microbiological investigation.

Main Results:

  • The child presented with pneumonia and progressed to tension pneumatocele.
  • Conservative management led to complete recovery.
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae type 7F was isolated.
  • This serotype is not included in the current heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine.

Conclusions:

  • Tension pneumatocele can be a complication of pediatric pneumonia.
  • Conservative management can be successful.
  • The identified Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype highlights potential gaps in current vaccination strategies.

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