Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Stability of Equilibrium Configuration: Problem Solving

Stability of Equilibrium Configuration: Problem Solving

The stability of equilibrium configurations is an important concept in physics, engineering, and other related fields. In simple terms, it refers to the tendency of an object or system to return to its equilibrium position after being disturbed. The stability of an equilibrium configuration can be analyzed by considering the potential energy function of the system and examining its behavior near the equilibrium point.
Problem-solving in the context of the stability of equilibrium configuration...

Gaussian Elimination: Problem Solving

Gaussian Elimination: Problem Solving

Systems of linear equations in several variables are pivotal in modeling complex scenarios involving multiple unknowns and constraints. Such systems are widely used in various fields to represent relationships where several conditions must be simultaneously satisfied. Each variable in the system corresponds to an unknown quantity, while each equation imposes a linear constraint, leading to a structured approach for analyzing and solving real-world problems.A system of three equations with three...

Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving

Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving

In multiple dimensions, the conservation of momentum applies in each direction independently. Hence, to solve collisions in multiple dimensions, we should write down the momentum conservation in each direction separately. To help understand collisions in multiple dimensions, consider an example.
A small car of mass 1,200 kg traveling east at 60 km/h collides at an intersection with a truck of mass 3,000 kg traveling due north at 40 km/h. The two vehicles are locked together. What is the...

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

Second Uniqueness Theorem

Second Uniqueness Theorem

Consider a region consisting of several individual conductors with a definite charge density in the region between these conductors. The second uniqueness theorem states that if the total charge on each conductor and the charge density in the in-between region are known, then the electric field can be uniquely determined.
In contrast, consider that the electric field is non-unique and apply Gauss's law in divergence form in the region between the conductors and the integral form to the surface...

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Order-Dependent dissimilarity measures on phylogenetic trees.

Journal of mathematical biology·2026

Same author

Vitamin A supplementation during the suckling period attenuates the effects of a maternal Western diet on liver sexual maturity-related traits in a sex-dependent manner.

The Journal of nutritional biochemistry·2025

Same author

The GFB Tree and Tree Imbalance Indices.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2025

Same author

β-Carotene Impacts the Liver MicroRNA Profile in a Sex-Specific Manner in Mouse Offspring of Western Diet-Fed Mothers: Results from Microarray Analysis by Direct Hybridization.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024

Same author

Bounding the Softwired Parsimony Score of a Phylogenetic Network.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2024

Same author

The Space of Equidistant Phylogenetic Cactuses.

Annals of combinatorics·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Quadruple-Checkerboard: A Modification of the Three-Dimensional Checkerboard for Studying Drug Combinations

Quadruple-Checkerboard: A Modification of the Three-Dimensional Checkerboard for Studying Drug Combinations

Published on: July 24, 2021

The complexity of finding multiple solutions to betweenness and quartet compatibility.

Maria Luisa Bonet¹, Simone Linz, Katherine St John

¹Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona.

IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics

|July 27, 2011

Summary

Two computational biology problems, BETWEENNESS and QUARTET COMPATIBILITY, are ASP-complete. This means verifying a second solution is NP-complete after one is found, impacting radiation hybrid mapping and phylogenetics.

More Related Videos

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Published on: March 18, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Quadruple-Checkerboard: A Modification of the Three-Dimensional Checkerboard for Studying Drug Combinations

Quadruple-Checkerboard: A Modification of the Three-Dimensional Checkerboard for Studying Drug Combinations

Published on: July 24, 2021

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Published on: March 18, 2019

Area of Science:

Computational Biology
Theoretical Computer Science
Phylogenetics
Bioinformatics

Background:

Computational biology problems often involve complex decision-making processes.
Understanding the computational complexity of these problems is crucial for developing efficient algorithms.
Radiation hybrid mapping and phylogenetics are key areas with significant computational challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the computational complexity of a variation of the BETWEENNESS problem relevant to radiation hybrid mapping.
To establish the complexity of the QUARTET COMPATIBILITY problem in phylogenetics.
To analyze the complexity of Steel's QUARTET CHALLENGE.

Main Methods:

Demonstrated that a variation of the BETWEENNESS problem is ASP-complete.
Utilized the ASP-completeness of BETWEENNESS to prove QUARTET COMPATIBILITY is also ASP-complete.
Leveraged the ASP-complete result for QUARTET COMPATIBILITY to show Steel's QUARTET CHALLENGE is coNP-complete.

Main Results:

A variation of BETWEENNESS, used in radiation hybrid mapping, is proven to be ASP-complete.
QUARTET COMPATIBILITY, a core problem in phylogenetics, is also shown to be ASP-complete.
Steel's QUARTET CHALLENGE is determined to be coNP-complete.

Conclusions:

These findings highlight the significant computational difficulty of problems in radiation hybrid mapping and phylogenetics.
The ASP-completeness implies that verifying an additional solution is NP-complete, posing challenges for computational biologists.
The coNP-completeness of QUARTET CHALLENGE has implications for the uniqueness of phylogenetic tree reconstruction.