Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Inflammation: Introduction01:28

Inflammation: Introduction

Inflammation is a fundamental, protective biological response of vascularized tissues to cellular injury, infection, or harmful stimuli. Its primary function is to eliminate the initial cause of injury, clear necrotic cells and damaged tissue, and initiate the necessary repair processes.Cardinal SignsAcute inflammation presents with classic signs. Redness results from vasodilation and increased blood flow. Heat is due to increased metabolism and circulation. Swelling results from the...
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Loss of connexin 43 in cartilage causes mitochondrial dysfunction and accelerates post-traumatic osteoarthritis progression.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Synovial transcriptional clusters link cartilage degeneration to cell-type-specific gene expression in knee osteoarthritis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Mitochondria dysfunction and increased expression of WNT5A and BNIP3 in tenocytes obtained from patients with tendinopathy.

JSES international·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "The PIKASO trial (Preventing Injured Knees from Osteoarthritis: Severity Outcomes): Rationale and design features for a randomized controlled trial" [Osteoarthr Cartil Open 7 (2025) 100563].

Osteoarthritis and cartilage open·2025
Same author

Human Knee as an Organ: Joint Tissue Collection, Processing, and Scoring for Multimodal Analyses.

Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology·2025
Same author

Feasibility of subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline for elbow tendinopathy.

JSES international·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cell Subsets within the Murine Spleen, Bone Marrow, Lymph Nodes and Synovial Tissue in an Osteoarthritis Model
12:23

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cell Subsets within the Murine Spleen, Bone Marrow, Lymph Nodes and Synovial Tissue in an Osteoarthritis Model

Published on: April 24, 2020

Inflammation in osteoarthritis.

Mary B Goldring1, Miguel Otero

  • 1Research Division, The Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA. goldringm@hss.edu

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
|July 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteoarthritis involves stress and inflammation, activating cartilage cells and leading to damage. Understanding these pathways is key for developing new targeted osteoarthritis therapies.

More Related Videos

Ameliorating Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Silver Nanoparticles
05:50

Ameliorating Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Silver Nanoparticles

Published on: June 2, 2023

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis
07:51

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis

Published on: October 20, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cell Subsets within the Murine Spleen, Bone Marrow, Lymph Nodes and Synovial Tissue in an Osteoarthritis Model
12:23

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cell Subsets within the Murine Spleen, Bone Marrow, Lymph Nodes and Synovial Tissue in an Osteoarthritis Model

Published on: April 24, 2020

Ameliorating Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Silver Nanoparticles
05:50

Ameliorating Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Silver Nanoparticles

Published on: June 2, 2023

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis
07:51

Synovial Fluid Analysis to Identify Osteoarthritis

Published on: October 20, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis involves complex stress-induced and proinflammatory mechanisms.
  • Synovitis and other joint tissues play critical roles in cellular events leading to OA progression and cartilage damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel stress-induced and proinflammatory mechanisms in osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
  • To highlight the role of synovitis and other joint tissues in OA.
  • To examine cellular events causing cartilage damage in OA.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies from the past 2 years.
  • Analysis of animal models and human tissues.
  • Examination of intracellular signaling pathways and molecular modulators.

Main Results:

  • Articular chondrocytes activate and shift phenotype, disrupting homeostasis and expressing proinflammatory genes.
  • Proinflammatory factors can originate from chondrocytes, synovium, or other tissues, even without overt inflammation.
  • Multiple pathways converge on matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) upregulation, with synovitis being crucial in posttraumatic OA.

Conclusions:

  • Further research on common mediators and pathways across OA models and human disease is needed.
  • Identifying pathways impacting OA initiation and progression will guide targeted therapy development.