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Updated: May 30, 2026

Visualization of Recombinant DNA and Protein Complexes Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Visualization of Recombinant DNA and Protein Complexes Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: July 18, 2011

Visualization of recombinant DNA and protein complexes using atomic force microscopy.

Patrick J M Murphy¹, Morgan Shannon, John Goertz

¹College of Nursing, Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Research Laboratory, Seattle University, USA. murphyp@seattleu.edu

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove

|July 27, 2011

Summary

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) visualizes individual proteins and DNA in solution. This technique allows real-time imaging of biomolecular interactions without sample modification, offering insights into molecular structures and complexes.

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Molecular Biology
Nanotechnology

Background:

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a high-resolution imaging technique.
AFM visualizes macromolecules like proteins and DNA at the nanoscale.
Existing methods often require sample staining or coating, limiting real-time aqueous studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a method for imaging individual proteins and DNA in buffered solutions using AFM.
To demonstrate the visualization of specific DNA-protein complexes, such as the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and DNA.
To highlight AFM's adaptability for studying biomolecular interactions in near-physiologic conditions.

Main Methods:

Utilized tapping mode AFM with an oscillating cantilever and nano-scale probe.
Imaged macromolecules (proteins, DNA) attached to a substrate via electrostatic forces.
Employed immunoadsorption for protein purification and subsequent imaging of DNA-protein complexes in aqueous buffers.

Main Results:

AFM generated topographical maps, resolving macromolecules as 3D particles.
Successfully visualized individual DNA strands and immunoadsorbed glucocorticoid receptor (GR).
Demonstrated the ability to image purified DNA and protein mixtures, including interacting complexes.

Conclusions:

AFM provides a powerful tool for visualizing individual biomolecules and their interactions in aqueous environments.
The presented method allows for biochemical manipulation prior to real-time imaging.
AFM is broadly applicable for studying diverse DNA and protein samples, offering insights into biophysical interactions.