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Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Electroencephalographic Assessment in Disorders of Consciousness

Transauricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Electroencephalographic Assessment in Disorders of Consciousness

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Sitting without back support position for prolonged consciousness disturbance patients: an intervention program case

¹St. Luke’s College of Nursing, Tokyo, Japan. nobu-okubo@slcn.ac.jp

The Journal of Neuroscience Nursing : Journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses

|July 29, 2011

Summary

This study found that sitting in a backless chair improved consciousness levels in patients with prolonged consciousness disturbance (PCD). Subtle behavioral and autonomic changes, along with increased alpha and beta waves, were observed.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Rehabilitation Medicine
Neuroscience

Background:

Prolonged consciousness disturbance (PCD) presents significant challenges in patient care and recovery.
Assessing and improving the level of consciousness in PCD patients requires sensitive and objective measures.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of a novel intervention, the "sitting without back support position" (SB) using the Suwarou-Kun chair, on the consciousness levels of PCD patients.
To compare pre-intervention and post-intervention states of consciousness using standardized scales and electroencephalography (EEG).

Main Methods:

Three patients meeting Jennet and Plum's 1972 PCD criteria participated.
Intervention involved sitting in a backless chair (Suwarou-Kun) for defined periods.
Consciousness was assessed using the Kohnan PCD Scale, EEG measurements, and direct behavioral/autonomic observation.
A single-case observation/intervention time series design was employed.
Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon's rank sum test and repeated-measure analysis of variance.

Main Results:

Significant improvements in Kohnan PCD Scale and EEG scores were observed in two out of three patients during and at the midway point of the SB intervention (p < .05).
Subtle positive changes, including increased eye movement, finger/thumb movement, vocalization, and salivation, were noted across all participants.
EEG showed increased alpha and beta wave activity following the SB intervention, preceding behavioral changes.

Conclusions:

The SB intervention, utilizing the Suwarou-Kun chair, demonstrated potential to improve the level of consciousness in patients with PCD.
While initial results are promising, further research is needed to determine the effects of longer exposure durations.
The intervention's effectiveness beyond the measured outcomes and its cost-benefit in terms of human effort require additional investigation.