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Related Concept Videos

Irrotational Flow01:28

Irrotational Flow

Irrotational flow is characterized by fluid motion where particles do not rotate around their axes, resulting in zero vorticity. For a flow to be irrotational, the curl of the velocity field must be zero. This imposes specific conditions on velocity gradients. For instance, to maintain zero rotation about the z-axis, the gradient condition:
Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

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Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses01:22

Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses

Strain energy quantifies the energy stored within a material due to deformation under loading conditions, a fundamental concept in materials science and engineering. The strain energy can be modeled when a material is subjected to axial loading with uniformly distributed stress. In this scenario, the stress experienced by the material is the internal force divided by the cross-sectional area, and the strain induced is directly proportional to this stress through the modulus of elasticity.
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Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

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Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the streamlines...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
06:42

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Published on: March 3, 2017

Elastic instability in stratified core annular flow.

Oriane Bonhomme1, Alexander Morozov, Jacques Leng

  • 1University Bordeaux-1, Laboratory of the Future, 178, avenue du Docteur Schweitzer, F-33608 Pessac cedex, France.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|July 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We discovered that the viscoelasticity of polymer solutions causes interfacial flow instabilities in capillaries. This finding enables new methods for measuring the properties of these complex fluids.

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Published on: October 31, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Rheology
  • Polymer science

Background:

  • Studying interfacial flow between polymer solutions and water is crucial for understanding complex fluid behavior.
  • Microfluidic devices offer high-resolution observation of fluid interfaces and flow dynamics.
  • The role of viscoelasticity in interfacial instabilities requires further experimental investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the interfacial instability between a dilute polymer solution and water in a capillary flow.
  • To characterize the transition between different flow regimes (straight, wavy jets) based on velocity.
  • To demonstrate the potential of this instability for rheological property measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing microfluidic devices for precise control and observation of capillary flow.
  • Conducting experiments across a range of flow velocities.
  • Employing linear stability analysis with a kinematic criterion to model flow behavior.

Main Results:

  • Observed a transition from straight jets at low velocities to steady or advected wavy jets at high velocities.
  • Demonstrated that this transition is driven solely by the viscoelasticity of the polymer solution.
  • Found that unstable flows occur at high velocities and convected flows at low velocities, contrary to initial expectations.

Conclusions:

  • The viscoelasticity of polymer solutions is the sole cause of observed interfacial flow instabilities.
  • The study provides a quantitative model that accurately predicts flow regimes.
  • The identified instability offers a novel method for assessing the rheological properties of dilute polymer solutions.