Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 30, 2026
09:19
Short Session High Intensity Interval Training and Treadmill Assessment in Aged Mice
Published on: February 2, 2019
Continuous and intermittent walking alters HDL(2)-C and LCATa
Sara C Campbell1, Robert J Moffatt, Michael R Kushnick
1Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1493, USA. saracamp@rci.rutgers.edu
Atherosclerosis
|July 30, 2011
Summary
Continuous or intermittent exercise, expending the same calories, significantly impacts HDL(2)-C levels by increasing lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity. This suggests exercise type does not alter cholesterol transport, but rather its intensity and duration.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Cardiovascular Health
- Lipid Metabolism
Background:
- Understanding how different exercise modalities affect lipid profiles is crucial for cardiovascular disease prevention.
- Reverse cholesterol transport and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size are key indicators of cardiovascular risk.
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions, particularly HDL(2)-C, play a significant role in cholesterol efflux.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of continuous exercise (CE) versus intermittent exercise (IE) at the same calorie expenditure on reverse cholesterol transport and LDL particle size.
- To compare the effects of two (IE 2) and three (IE 3) intermittent exercise sessions against continuous exercise (CE).
Main Methods:
- Sixteen healthy men completed three randomized exercise trials (CE, IE 2, IE 3), each expending 450 calories.
- Blood samples were collected immediately post-exercise and at 24 and 48 hours.
- Analysis included total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, HDL subfractions (HDL(2)-C, HDL(3)-C), LDL particle size, lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity (LCATa), and cholesterol ester transfer protein activity (CETPa).
Main Results:
- HDL(2)-C significantly increased 48 hours post-exercise in both CE and IE 2 groups.
- The IE 3 group showed significant increases in HDL(2)-C at 24 hours (39%) and 48 hours (66%).
- Increased HDL(2)-C was positively correlated with increased LCATa, observed at 48 hours in CE and IE 3 groups. No changes in LDL particle size or CETPa were noted.
Conclusions:
- Both continuous and intermittent exercise, when matched for calorie expenditure, significantly alter the HDL(2)-C subfraction.
- The observed changes in HDL(2)-C are augmented by increased lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity.
- Exercise modality (continuous vs. intermittent) does not appear to influence LDL particle size or cholesterol ester transfer protein activity.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Atherosclerosis III: Management
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
01:17Exercise and Cardiac Output
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
01:25Lipid Catabolism
Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
01:29Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
Considering cholesterol and...
01:30Alterations in Blood Pressure
Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart beats)...
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart beats)...