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Aztreonam susceptibility testing. A retrospective analysis.

M F Parry1

  • 1Stamford Hospital, Connecticut 06904.

The American Journal of Medicine
|March 23, 1990
PubMed
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Aztreonam, a unique beta-lactam antibiotic, showed potent activity against aerobic gram-negative bacteria. It is a valuable alternative to aminoglycosides for treating gram-negative infections.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Aztreonam is a unique beta-lactam antibiotic with specific activity against aerobic gram-negative microorganisms.
  • Evaluating antimicrobial spectrum and resistance patterns is crucial for effective antibiotic therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the in vitro antimicrobial spectrum of aztreonam against clinical isolates.
  • To monitor changes in susceptibility to aztreonam and other antibiotics over a five-year period.
  • To compare aztreonam's activity with other commonly used antibiotics.

Main Methods:

  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinical isolates against aztreonam.
  • Evaluation of resistance trends over a five-year period (1983-1988).
  • Comparison of aztreonam's in vitro activity with third-generation cephalosporins, mezlocillin, and ceftazidime.

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Main Results:

  • Aztreonam demonstrated potent activity against Enterobacteriaceae (1.1% resistance) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (>90% susceptible).
  • Resistance to aztreonam remained stable in Enterobacteriaceae but increased by 50% in nonfermenters over five years.
  • Third-generation cephalosporins showed a trend toward increased resistance, particularly in Enterobacter spp. and Citrobacter freundii.

Conclusions:

  • Aztreonam is a useful agent and a desirable alternative to aminoglycosides for aerobic gram-negative bacillary infections.
  • Its in vitro activity supports its use in monotherapy or combination therapy for mixed infections.
  • Monitoring antibiotic resistance is essential, as observed increases in nonfermenter resistance to aztreonam and other beta-lactams.