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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Protocol for Human Blastoids Modeling Blastocyst Development and Implantation

Protocol for Human Blastoids Modeling Blastocyst Development and Implantation

Published on: August 10, 2022

Pituitary blastoma: a unique embryonal tumor.

Bernd W Scheithauer¹, E Horvath, T W Abel

¹Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW Rochester, MN 55905, USA. scheithauer.bernd@mayo.edu

|August 2, 2011

Summary

Pituitary blastoma, a rare neonatal tumor, shows arrested development and unchecked proliferation. This study details three cases, highlighting varied cell types and proliferation rates, suggesting different tumor grades.

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Intracranial Orthotopic Allografting of Medulloblastoma Cells in Immunocompromised Mice

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Published on: October 3, 2010

Area of Science:

Endocrinology and Pathology
Pediatric Oncology
Neuro-oncology

Background:

Pituitary blastoma is a rare, recently described tumor of the neonatal pituitary.
It exhibits differentiation towards Rathke epithelium and adenohypophysial cells, reflecting arrested pituitary development.

Observation:

This study reports on three additional cases of pituitary blastoma, all ACTH-producing.
Cases presented with varied clinical features, including ophthalmoplegia and third nerve palsy, and suprasellar mass with cavernous sinus invasion.
Histological analysis revealed complex tumors with Rathke epithelium-like glands, blastema cells, and large secretory cells, with mucin-producing goblet cells in one case.

Findings:

Immunohistochemical studies showed immunoreactivity for synaptophysin, chromogranin, keratins, ACTH, and beta endorphin in secretory cells.
MGMT immunolabeling ranged from 40-60%, with moderate to high mitotic and MIB-1 labeling in two cases, suggesting higher-grade tumors.
Ultrastructural examination identified blastema cells, folliculostellate cells, and large corticotroph cells.

Implications:

The findings support the diagnosis of pituitary blastoma, aligning it with blastomas in other organs and suggesting an underlying genetic abnormality.
Variations in cellular proliferation indicate the existence of low- and higher-grade pituitary blastomas.
Variable MGMT reactivity may imply an incomplete response to temozolomide therapy in some cases.