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Renal neoplasms of childhood

Evan Geller1, Polly S Kochan

  • 1Department of Radiology, St Christopher's Hospital for Children, 3601 A Street, Philadelphia, PA 19134, USA. evan.geller@tenethealth.com

Radiologic Clinics of North America
|August 3, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Abdominal masses in infants are typically kidney-related. This review covers imaging for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring pediatric renal neoplasms like Wilms tumor, with a focus on current management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Abdominal masses in infants are commonly of renal origin.
  • Nonneoplastic masses like hydronephrosis and multicystic dysplastic kidney are frequent in the perinatal period.
  • Wilms tumor is the most common pediatric renal neoplasm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of imaging in diagnosing, staging, and follow-up of pediatric renal neoplasms.
  • To present current management recommendations for these conditions.
  • To discuss pertinent epidemiologic, clinical, and histopathologic considerations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of imaging modalities for pediatric renal masses.
  • Analysis of diagnostic, staging, and follow-up protocols.
  • Synthesis of current treatment and management guidelines.

Main Results:

  • The cure rate for Wilms tumor exceeds 90% due to improved therapies.
  • Imaging plays a crucial role throughout the management of pediatric renal neoplasms.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate staging are vital for successful treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Imaging is essential for the comprehensive management of pediatric renal neoplasms.
  • Current treatment protocols have significantly improved survival rates for Wilms tumor.
  • A multidisciplinary approach integrating imaging, pathology, and clinical management is key.

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