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Related Concept Videos

Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands01:17

Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands

The adrenal or supra-renal glands, situated above the kidneys and aligned with the twelfth rib, are paired pyramid-shaped structures crucial for the body's stress response. During stress, these glands secrete hormones vital for adaptive physiological reactions.
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct regions...
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands01:31

Hormones of the Adrenal Glands

Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and corticosterone...
Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses01:30

Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

Adrenergic agonists have diverse therapeutic uses across various medical conditions and emergencies.
Emergency and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) applications: Pressor agents increase blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility in shock and organ failure situations. Dopamine can induce vasodilation and stimulate adrenoceptors. Endogenous catecholamines are effective in treating cardiogenic shock. α2-agonists like clonidine can reverse anesthesia-induced hypertension.
Allergies and anaphylaxis:...
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

Adrenal masses in children.

Csilla Balassy1, Oscar M Navarro, Alan Daneman

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.

Radiologic Clinics of North America
|August 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adrenal tumors, originating from neural or cortical tissue, often present with distinct symptoms. Imaging is crucial for assessing tumor extent and relationship to surrounding structures, despite limitations in differentiating tumor types.

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Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
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Published on: September 15, 2017

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition
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Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

Published on: June 21, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Adrenal gland pathology
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Adrenal tumors encompass both neural and cortical origins.
  • Neuroblastomas typically manifest as abdominal masses.
  • Pheochromocytomas and cortical tumors often present with endocrine dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the presentation and imaging characteristics of adrenal tumors.
  • To highlight the utility of imaging in evaluating adrenal lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations and imaging findings for adrenal tumors.
  • Discussion of the role of imaging in assessing lesion extent and spatial relationships.

Main Results:

  • Imaging cannot reliably differentiate benign from malignant adrenal tumors or their origin (medulla vs. cortex).
  • Imaging is valuable for determining the extent of adrenal lesions.
  • Imaging demonstrates the relationship of adrenal tumors to adjacent anatomical structures, especially blood vessels.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate imaging technique is paramount for effective evaluation of adrenal tumors.
  • Imaging plays a key role in surgical planning and understanding the local spread of adrenal neoplasms.