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Updated: May 30, 2026
Long-term Behavioral and Reproductive Consequences of Embryonic Exposure to Low-dose Toxicants
Published on: March 6, 2018
Bisphenol A exposure reduces the estradiol response to gonadotropin stimulation during in vitro fertilization
Michael S Bloom1, Dongsul Kim, Frederick S Vom Saal
1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA. mbloom@albany.edu
Objective:
To investigate associations between serum bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations and follicular response to exogenous ovary stimulation.
Design:
Fasting serum was prospectively collected on the day of oocyte retrieval and assessed for unconjugated BPA using high-performance liquid chromatography with Coularray detection. Multivariable linear regression and negative binomial regression were used to assess associations between concentrations of BPA and outcome measures. Models were adjusted for race/ethnicity, antral follicle count at baseline, and cigarette smoking.
Setting:
A reproductive health center.
Patient(S):
Forty-four women undergoing IVF.
Intervention(S):
None.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
Peak E(2) level and the number of oocytes retrieved during IVF.
Result(S):
The median unconjugated serum BPA concentration is 2.53 ng/mL (range = 0.3-67.36 ng/mL). Bisphenol A is inversely associated with E(2) (β = -0.16; 95% confidence interval = -0.32, 0.01), as well as with E(2) normalized to the number of mature-sized follicles at the hCG trigger (β = -0.14; 95% confidence interval = -0.24, -0.03). No association is observed for BPA and the number of oocytes retrieved (adjusted risk ratio = 0.95; 95% confidence interval = 0.82, 1.10).
Conclusion(S):
Bisphenol A is associated with a reduced E(2) response during IVF. Although limited by the preliminary nature of this study, these results merit confirmation in a future comprehensive investigation.
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