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Related Concept Videos

Hepatic Portal System01:21

Hepatic Portal System

The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
At its core, the hepatic portal vein is the result of a confluence of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins along with the splenic vein. Each of these veins has a unique role. The superior mesenteric vein is responsible...
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Liver Physiology01:30

Liver Physiology

The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of  70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can also...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Protocol for Isolation of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Corresponding Major Populations of Non-parenchymal Liver Cells
08:47

Protocol for Isolation of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Corresponding Major Populations of Non-parenchymal Liver Cells

Published on: March 30, 2016

A simple code for installing hepatocyte function.

Holger Willenbring1

  • 1Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

Cell Stem Cell
|August 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified key transcription factors that can convert fibroblasts into functional hepatocytes. This breakthrough offers a new method for generating scarce cells for research and therapeutic applications.

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"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
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"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Published on: February 19, 2019

Robust Generation of Hepatocyte-like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Populations
05:49

Robust Generation of Hepatocyte-like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Populations

Published on: October 26, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Protocol for Isolation of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Corresponding Major Populations of Non-parenchymal Liver Cells
08:47

Protocol for Isolation of Primary Human Hepatocytes and Corresponding Major Populations of Non-parenchymal Liver Cells

Published on: March 30, 2016

"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
10:25

"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Published on: February 19, 2019

Robust Generation of Hepatocyte-like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Populations
05:49

Robust Generation of Hepatocyte-like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Populations

Published on: October 26, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Regenerative medicine

Background:

  • Accessible cell types can be reprogrammed to generate scarce or inaccessible cells for research and therapeutic purposes.
  • Two recent studies identified specific transcription factors capable of inducing hepatocyte function in fibroblasts.

Discussion:

  • The identification of transcription factors for forced lineage conversion represents a significant advancement in cell reprogramming.
  • This approach holds promise for generating therapeutically effective cells, addressing shortages in cell therapy and research.

Key Insights:

  • Transcription factors sufficient for inducing hepatocyte function in fibroblasts have been identified.
  • This method enables the generation of functional hepatocytes from readily available cell sources.

Outlook:

  • Further research may refine the efficiency and safety of this cell conversion technique.
  • Potential applications include treating liver diseases and advancing drug discovery through in vitro models.